Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS) Technology

Liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) is a classic synthesis method that is often used to synthesize large-scale peptides and extremely difficult peptides and to reduce the use of excess reagents and solvents. This methodology is particularly advantageous when working with difficult sequences that may contain non-standard amino acids or require specific modifications. CD Formulation uses advanced LPPS technology to process and synthesize extremely complex peptides and short peptides to meet the needs of different customers.

What is Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS) Technology?

LPPS is a method for synthesizing peptides in the liquid phase, involving the one-by-one addition of amino acids in solution. It differs from traditional and time-consuming solution-phase synthesis because it uses soluble tags. These tags, like the polystyrene-based solid supports used in standard SPPS, simplify the workup after each step of the synthesis. In addition, LPPS is performed in solution, making it easier to purify intermediates. However, it generally requires more solvents and reagents, which is more expensive.

Our Services Related to Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS)

LPPS is characterized by its strong reaction specificity, which avoids the protection of substrate side chains and the formation of product racemates, which is very suitable for processing short peptides.

Our team of highly qualified experts has decades of experience supporting peptide synthesis, using LPPS technology to generate short peptides (up to 20 amino acids) for purity-sensitive applications and the large-scale production of small peptides, such as dipeptides or tripeptides.

The general steps of LPPS technology are:

• Activation and coupling: Activate amino acids with coupling agents.
• Add amino acids: Add amino acids to the growing peptide in sequence.
• Deprotection: Remove protecting groups without breaking peptide bonds.
• Purification: Use techniques such as liquid chromatography to purify intermediates.

Fig. 1 General steps for liquid phase peptide synthesis. (CD Formulation)

Our Different Approaches For Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS)

Stepwise Synthesis Method

This technique, a paradigm of simplicity and speed, has become our go-to strategy for fabricating a diverse array of bioactive peptide fragments.

Fragment Combination Method

We harness this approach as a gateway to the promising synthesis of peptides boasting over 100 amino acids, culminating in the successful production of an eclectic range of biologically active peptides.

Amino Acid N-Carboxyanhydride (NCA) Method

Our bespoke NCA synthesis method stands out, characterized by its brisk synthesis timeline, straightforward operation, economical aspects, and the ability to yield high molecular weight products. The meticulous, step-by-step application of our NCA process has proven effective in orchestrating the synthesis of short-chain peptide fragments.

Choosing the Right Soluble Tag for Your Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS)

The ideal tag should be significantly different from reagents and byproducts to simplify the purification process and be easy to separate from the final product. The following table lists some of the soluble tags we commonly use:

Advantages of Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS) Technology

• LPPS opens up new possibilities for peptide synthesis, either by stepwise synthesis or by fragment ligation.
• LPPS can design polymer-protecting groups based on molecular size and solubility.
• LPPS can employ soluble tags to simplify the separation of peptides from reagents and byproducts.
• LPPS is able to handle complex peptides that are difficult to handle in solid-phase systems. It can often produce peptides of higher purity due to its precise purification steps.
• Reactions in solution are easier to scale up.
• Peptides synthesized by this method can be condensed in segments without the need to split the C-terminal polymethyl protecting groups.

Custom Liquid-Phase Peptide Synthesis (LPPS) Services

Deliverables

CD Formulation's peptides are delivered as lyophilized powders and packaged in separate sample tubes according to customer requirements. To ensure the quality of the peptides, we also provide the following documents for your reference:

• HPLC/MS Test: All peptides we produce are tested by MS and HPLC to ensure the accuracy of the peptide products.
• COA Document: We provide a COA document for each peptide, including the shape and appearance of the peptide sample, delivery specifications, molecular weight, and purity.
• Solubility Test: This is optional. We provide two solubility testing services according to customer requirements: qualitative dissolution test and quantitative dissolution test.

Publication

CD Formulation is designed to provide powerful tools for handling the synthesis of peptides of varying lengths and complexities. Please feel free to contact us if you are interested in our services. Learn how our LPPS technology can support your custom peptide synthesis projects.

How It Works

STEP 1

Submit a service request describing your specific research or development need.

STEP 2

We'll email you to provide your quote and confirm order details if applicable.

STEP 3

Execute the project with real-time communication, and deliver the final report promptly.